Chain Hotel

    The hotel which are running in  the different places inside or outside the country under one brand name is known as chain hotel. The chain hotel also can be defined as two or more than two organization those are tied in one series. The big hotels industries comes in 1920's when the concept of chain hotel were born.

    However during the great depression in 1930, there were considerably decrease in the business affecting the growing of the hotel industry. Immediately the second world war in 1945 hotel regent prominence is register a steady growth. There had been phenomenal hotels industry particularly those country which attract business travel and tourism in large number from all over the world. In 1950's hotel and international chain gain big bust to the hotel industry. This chain either brought small individual own property or build their ability and scope with growing competition. Chain hotels run under franchise management, partnership,leading,marketing etc.
i) Partnership
   Sharing profit and equal investment in the organization from both party which depends upon mutual agreement between two parties and the profit distribution will depend upon investment of capital.
ii) Franchise
    It gives brand name and association to franchise and helps to make market in return for  franchise fee.
iii) Management contract
    As the name suggest the organization provides expert in management like professional manager, skilled staff technician etc.
iv) Marketing
     It helps in active selling of the chain benefit, reservation tied in return for marketing fee or sub incentive.
v) Leading 
    Taking over all operation aspect of property for specific period of time paying lease, either at the fixed sum of money as a percentage in gross turn over of the organization.    
                  

Room denoted with symbol

Room                               Symbol 
Deluxe                                DLX
Superior                              SPR
Standard                              STD
Single                                  SL
Double                             DBL,+
Twin                                    =
Suit                                     SU
Interconnecting                *IC
Room no.                            #
Do not Disturb                 DND
Occupied                           O
Vacant                                V
Pent house                       P
Studio room                    SR
Out of order                 OOO
Vacant & ready              VR
Vacant & clean              VC
Vacant & dirty               VD
Occupied & clean         OC
Occupied & dirty          OD
Check out                      CO  
Double lock                  DL

Room and it's types

Introduction 
   Generally we define room as a safe place closed by the walls, windows and door to spend a day and night for sleep with proper security. In hotel, room means a lot to a guest such as comfort,safe, clean and hygienic. All the room are numbered systematically. Suppose there are 25 rooms in a hotel, room no 625 indicates 25th room on 6th floor. The different types of room are as follows

1) Single room
     It is a room assigned for single occupancy and consists one single bed sized36"*75".
2) Double room
    A room assigned to two people or double occupancy and consists one double bed of 54"*75".
3) Triple room
      It is a room assigned for three people and consists three single bed of 36"*75".
4) Twin room
    It is a room with two single bed of size 36"*75" for double sharing.
5) Quad room
    It is a room assigned for four people and consists of four single beds of 36"*75".
6) Queen sized room
      It is a room with a Queen sized bed i.e 60"*80" for single or double occupancy.
7) King sized room
    It is a room with a king sized bed i.e 78"*90" for single or double occupancy.
8) Double-Double room
    A room with two queen beds for double or more occupancy.
9) Studio room
   A room with couch of sofa cum bed, which an be converted into a bed during a night time and can be iused as a sofa during day time.
10) Mini suit or junior room
      A single room with single bed and a sitting area could have a separate living room and bed room.
11) Suit room
     A  parlor or a living room connected to one or more bed room.
12) Inter connecting room
      Room with connecting door from inside.
13) Adjoining room 
     A room with a common wall but not connecting door.
14) Adjacent Rent 
     Room with a opposite to each other in the same floor.
15) Duplex suit
      Room separate over two floor with an interconnecting staircase.
16) Cabana 
     Room attached to a swimming pool with one sofa cum bed. meant for changing purpose.
17) Penthouse suit
     Accommodation,usually suit on the top floor of the hotel.
18) Lanai
      A Hawaiian term from the veranda, a room with porch or balcony, usually overlooking garden or water such type of room is usually popular inside beaches area.
19) House room
     Guest room set aside for hotel use.

Section within the hotel

   Section of front office 

• Business center 
• Lobby
• Reservation desk
• Information center
• Front office center
• Telephone operator

   Section of House keeping

• Floor pantry 
• Linen room
• Luggage room
• Horticulture
• Floor room
• Uniform room
• Tailor and semesters  

    Section of food production 

• Kitchen
• Steel room
• Bakery

  Section of food 

• Bar 
• Restaurant
• Banquet
• Night club
• Meeting hall
• Rooms

  Section of supporting department

•  Purchase and store
• Security 
• Finance and account
• Human resources department
• Marketing and sales
• Library
• Timekeeper
• So-miner shop

  Section of the front of the house 

• Lobby
• Reception
• Information center
• Restaurant
• Front office cashier 
• Guest floor, banquet hall

  Section of back of the house 

• House keeping
• kitchen
• Personal management system
• Purchasing
• Security
• Laundry
• Engineering 

Classifaction of hotel

       According to length of guest stay
 i) Transit hotel
   It includes airport hotel and motels where customer are short staying. Guest stay for few hour or overnight.It is situated at the point of airport, seaport, railway etc.
ii) Resident hotel 
   Build for long stay. It includes the guest who are generally stay for longer, with all the facilities is required. The stay of the guest is more then one month.The hotel are generally charged on monthly or weekly basis of apartment hotel.
iii) Semi-Resident hotel
   It consists of those guest who stay more than night and less than month.

        According to type of ownership
i) Joint Venture 
  It is the type of ownership saving organization. They are formal arrangement made by two or more independent organization.To setup or jointly organization. The ownership can be defined as in terms of share holding or arrangement for profit sharing.
ii) Franchise  
   It is a contract based organization which grands the right two used a brand name for special activities such as production, marketing etc. The franchise provides quality service and training for example Radission, Solatee Crown plaza, Hyatt etc.
iii) Public Limited 
   This type of organization is run by the support of suppliers, banks,leasing companies, Government and loans, public share,stock exchange.
iv) Management contract
     This type of organization is opened in different countries making a contract within the parent companies using brand name and total of management system exactly with the parent companies. In most of the case the business is managed by the management team. 

How Star is denotated?

                                      Non Star hotel
The non star hotel basically covers the tourist standard hotel or accommodation which should be accommodated within the following facilities and services.

• Should have neat and clean room.
• Facilities of food service.
• Furniture will not be luxurious.
  
• Courteous service.
• Facilities of hot and cold water supply with attached bathrooms.
• Telephone facilities in all room etc.   

                                     Star hotel
The star rating system of the hotel covers all the hotel rated from one star categories to the exclusive seven star super deluxe hotels.Some other hotels are;
           
 i) One star hotel
    These hotels basically provides all the facilities catered by the tourist standard hotel with a bit upgraded facilities like proper dinning outlets, 24 hours front office service etc.
ii) Two star hotel 
    These hotel have a higher facilities and service in term of quality and quantity than one star hotels. There might be provision of swimming pool, good room with comfort beds,sports,extra more outlets within the premises.
iii) Three star hotel
    The three start hotel should have the following facilities and services;

•  Larger bedrooms.

• Direct dial phone. 
• All facilities offered in two star.
• Color television in all room. 
• Swimming pool.

• Cleanliness and comfort rooms 

Should offered pleasant travel experience.            
iv) Four star hotel
    Generally the four star category hotel have the following basic feature regarding the facilities and services.   

• Outstanding bedrooms large and average.
• Furniture and furnishing with high quality.
• Standard quality of service.
• Well trained and skilled staff performing a service.

• All the facilities and services offered by the three star hotel.    

v) Five star hotel
    Generally the five star hotels offered high class exclusive service to their guest for the total satisfaction. Hotel with the five star super deluxe categories provides more high class exclusive facilities and service all the time which are follows;

• Twice daily maid service is standard.
• Lobby should be well furnished & decorate.
• More number of outlets and recreational facilities.
• On premises casino, pubs, discotheque etc.
• Each guest is made to feel that s/he is important.
• Deserve the description "one of the best in country ."
• High class and exclusive rooms.
• 24 hours hot and cold water and 24 hours front office service.  

Intorduction to various Department in hotel

  There are various department in hotel which helps in smooth and efficient operation. First four department are the core or the or important department in hotel, which are directly responsible for day to day operation, front of the house and back of the house plays significant role to insure general administration of Human Resources Department, financial, engineering, sales and marketing, planning etc.Each department in a hotel has it's soecific function to perform.The function of vrious department within the room are given below.

i) Front Office Department
   Front Office Department includes all the office which are situated in near of the front hall and lobby of the hotel. It is considered as the "Nerve Center" of the hotel. It is also said that hotel is wheel of Front Office.

ii) House Keeping Department
    House  keeping department is regarded as back bone of the hotel.This is another important department under the room division.It is responsible for the cleanliness of occupied guest room and prepare the room for another guest in case or vacant room.


iii) Food and Beverage Department
   Food and beverage generally range second to the room division in term of it's revenue turnover. There are many types of food and beverage department andoutlets in large hotel.
                                                                                                          Food and beverage manager is the chef of these department. In large hotel he is responsible for the controlling all food and beverage outlets. There are outlets such as production,dinning service,bath ODC, banquet, restaurant, bar, discotheque, and clubs.
iv) supporting Department
  a. Purchase and store
    The main function of this department is to purchased required materials example good stationary etc.under the condition of annual rate, contract or periodic rate.
v) Engineering Department
    This department better known as maintenance depart in all most hotel.It is responsible for any maintenance and repair of equipment and furniture an fixtures in the hotel. In it plumbing, refrigerator electrical work, air conditioning and heating,carpeting are lies. The chief engineer is head of this department. 
vi) Account Department 
    Accounting department is the internal part in the business and it holds prime importance in hotel well. This depart maintains intrial financial activities of the activities of the property. The head of this depart is chief accountant officer or financial officer.
vii) Sales and maintenance
     This depart market the hotel production to the perceptive client and identifies new market segment having further details.It does the advertising and promotional cam pin in large hotel.
viii) Personal and Human Resource Department (H.R.D)     
       Personal and Human Resource Department is responsible for human resources planning, requirement and selection of staff.
                       Motivation performance, rewarded  manage system. Training and developments plays an vital role in many hotels. The personal manager most be familiar with the international local lever market and labor law. The hotel manager also looks upon the personal department for advice and suggestion and the latest development in the areas of wages, salary, job,employee-welfare medical,health and security.
ix) Security Department 
    The primary of the security department may includes the proper monitoring surveillance equipments and insuring that the guest, employee and the properties are safe and secure all the time.